If one want to have a proper answer, one need first to define a few different things first:
1. What is an "Ijin Tinggal"? What is an "Ijin Kunjungan"?
They are components of the group of the "ijin keimigrasian" (immigration permit), which comprise the Ijin Kunjungan (visit permit), the ijin singgah (transit permit), the "ijin tinggal terbatas (temporary resident permit) and the "ijin tinggal tetap" (permanent resident permit). This is stated in the Pasal 24 Undang-Undang nomor 9 tahun 1992.
The "Ijin Tinggal", which exist in two sorts, temporary (Ijin Tinggal Terbatas) or permanent (Ijin Tinggal Tetap) are given to KITAS and KITAP holder only, while "Ijin Kunjungan" is given to people who has a Visa Kunjungan Wisata (Tourist Visit Visa), a Visa Kunjungan Sosial Budaya (SosBud Visa) or a Visa Kunjungan Usaha (business visa).
2. What is a SKLD?
This is a Surat Keterangan Lapor Diri which is Police ID card that any foreigner who has a residency permit (ijin tinggal) is supposed to have. It dipenses you for example to have to carry your passport at all time. People with KITAP/KITAP are supposed to report in the 30 days of issuance of their Residency Permit and have 7 days to report any change (Pasal 19, ayat 1 dan ayat 2, Peraturan pemerintah nomor 31 tahun 1994 tentang Pengawasan Orang Asing). Reporting to the police as soon as you get your "Ijin Tinggal" would entitle you to nice plastic card named SKLD (Pasal 19, ayat 3, Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 31 tahun 1994 tentang Pengawasan orang Asing)
Failure to report would expose you to a maximum of Rp 5.000.000 fine and a maximum of 1 year in jail as per Pasal 61, Undang-Undang nomor 9 tahun 1992.
Though I never found any legal basis saying that SKLD bears a LEGAL fee, I often heard that there is a "Biaya Resmi" of IDR 50K to be paid to MABES POLRI for the SKLD. One doesn't want to fight with MABES POLRI. Just pay it.
Pasal 61 - Undang Undang nomor 9 tahun 1992
Orang asing yang sudah mempunyai izin tinggal yang tidak melapor kepada kantor Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia di tempat tinggal atau tempat kediamannya dalam waktu 30 (tiga puluh) hari terhitung sejak diperolehnya izin tinggal, dipidana dengan pidana kurungan paling lama 1 (satu) tahun atau denda paling banyak Rp 5.000.000,- (lima juta rupiah).
3. What is a STM?
This is a Surat Tanda Melapor, better known as a Certificate of Police Registration which concerns any foreigner, though the foreigner himself is not forced to apply in person. This is a report to the police that states where you live and for how long. The Pasal 10, Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 31 tahun 1994 tentang Pengawasan orang Asing reads:
Setiap orang yang memberikan kesempatan orang asing menginap di tempat kediamannya wajib melaporkan kepada Kantor Kepolisian Republik Indonesia atau Pejabat Pemerintah Daerah setempat dalam jangka waktu 24 (dua puluh empat jam) sejak tanggal kedatangan orang asing tersebut .
It means that the person who gives shelter (hotel, wife, friend...etc) has to report you in the delay of 24 hours after your arrival. Here no notion of type or duration of stay... and it has its importance. The person who provides you accomodation reports and tell how long she intends to do so. I am very interested to see where (ie in what legal text) a Police officer saw that he is the one deciding of your departure date.
Further on, this is a report from one person, giving shelter to a foreigner, to the police. Not in any way an authorisation asked to shelter someon to a particular date. It means simply that YOU DON'T HAVE TO BE REPORTED AGAIN AS LONG AS YOU DON'T CHANGE ADDRESS !
However if one forget to report you in the delay of 24 hours after your arrival, he is entitled to the penalies listed in the Pasal 60, undang undang nomor 9 tahun 1992 which says:
Setiap orang yang memberi kesempatan menginap kepada orang asing dan tidak melaporkan kepada Pejabat Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia atau Pejabat Pemerintah Daerah setempat yang berwenang dalam 24 (dua puluh empat) jam sejak kedatangan orang asing tersebut, dipidana dengan pidana kurungan paling lama 1 (satu) tahun atau denda paling banyak Rp 5.000.000,- (lima juta rupiah).
None of the two laws quoted submit the length of the STM to the length of an Ijin Tinggal or Ijin Kunjungan. It is submitted to the length of stay reported. What they often do is to try to make you believe that the article 61 UU 9/1992 concerns STM and that you have to report every 30 days. This is bull****. Article 61 concerns people with an Ijin Tinggal, therefore not you who has an Ijin Kunjungan.
Another way to respond would be to remenber them that the validity of an Ijin Kunjungan is defined by the Pasal 35 ayat 1,2 and 3, Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 32 tahun 1994 and says that the Visit Permit is given for 60 days (ayat 1) from the date of entrance and can be renewed up to 5 times, each time for 30 days (ayat 2) providing that it is not an Ijin Kunjungan Wisata (ayat 3) which is valid only for 60 days and can not be extended. Therefore reporting a 6 months length of stay would not be illegal. It does not mean that the foreigner is gonna stay for 6 months, but that the person who is reporting him is ready to shelter him for 6 months.
So to the nice guys who throw books on the table, kindly ask them to read again their bloody book.
- If you are a KITAS/KITAP holder, report to the police for SKLD (30 days maximum after the issuance of your Ijin Tinggal) and report any change in your residency in the 7 days that it happened. Make sure that the person who provides you accomodation (even if it your wife/son or whoever in the family) report you in the 24 hours and have a STM remitted. You need to do it again only if you change for a new accomodation.
- If you are holder of an Ijin Kunjungan or VoA, you are only concerned by the STM in the conditions defined above...
Best is not to fight with them. Either, ignore what they tell you and just follow what the law says, or if you feel unconfortable with it, just report every month without giving any money (Since the STM absolutely does not have any legal fee, they will soon understand your point and ask you to come back only if you change residence...).
Hope that the above explanations are clear enough, but if it is not, feel free to ask more clarifications.
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